Ratchet mechanism.



PATENTED APR. 16, 1907.

H. J. COOK.

RATGHET. MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1906.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

PATENTED APR. 16, 1907.

H. J. 000K. RATGHET MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1906.

2 SIGHTS-SHEET 2.

4 aw/{memes UNITED STATES FATENT OFFICE.

HARRIS J. COOK, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY RULE &LEVEL COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPO- RATION OFCONNECTICUT.

RATCH ET MECHANISM.

850,347. Specification Application filed May 1'7,

sweetest nprn 16, 1907.

To all whom it natty concern.-

, Be it known that I, HARRIS J. Cook, a citizen of the United States,residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet Mechanism, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in ratchet mechanism for tools, andparticularly of the type set forth. in United States Letters Patent No.758,329, of April 26, 1904, and 813,586, of February 27, 1906.

The object of this invention is to provide an improved mechanism fortools of this character whereby with a comparatively .small number ofteeth in the ratchet and small number of teeth in the pawls anintermittent clutching act-ion may be effected which may be repeatedthrough a large numj ber of lmpulses at each revolution of the tool, sothat if a portion of the tool be rotated angularly rotation may beeffected and the strains transmitted from the driving 2 5 to the drivenpart distributed through a large area.

In the preferred form I have shown a ratchet having nine teeth and twopawl members, each being divided into two sec- 0 tions, each of whichsections have two teeth, the teeth on one section being located at arelatively different place on said section than the teeth on thecompanion section. These teeth are so arranged that eighteen impulses 5may be transmitted from the driving to the driven part in eachrevolution. In a modifled form I have shown the invention in which theratchet has eight teeth, as before. In this case the pawl-sections eachhave two teeth, as before; but the sections are of differ ent sizes, sothat the teeth are distributed differentially and sixteen impulses arepossible in each revolution. In the preferred form it will be seen thatthe differential move- 4 5 ment which makes possible the large'number ofimpulses is occasioned by the difference in the number and location ofteeth on the pawl and ratchet members, respectively, whereas in themodified structure the differ- 5 ential action is occasioned by thedifference in the spacing of the teeth on the pawl members of each set.

The accompanying two sheets of drawings illustrate the preferred andmodified forms 5 5 of my invention.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a fragment 1 of a bit-brace embodyingthe improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional viewof the same. Fig. 3 is an end view of the driving part and pawl member.Fig. 4 is an end view of the driven part and ratchet. Fig. 5 is adiagrammatic view 3 showing the development of the ratchetteeth andpawl-teeth. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the development of theoperatingcam for throwing the pawls into and out of action. Fig. 7 is aside view of the set of pawls for the modilied construction beforereferred to. Fig. 8 is an end view of the same pawls. Fig. 9 is an endview of the ratchet for use therewitll. Fig. 10 is a j diagrammatic viewshowing the development of the ratchet and pawl members.

1 indicates the driving member.

2 indicates the driven member.

The driving member has a hub 3 preferably integral therewith andabutting against the flange 4 of the driven member when the parts areassembled.

5 is a spindle rotatable with the driven member and forming a partthereof which extends through the driving member and is secured in placeby means of the screw 6.

7 is a crown-ratchet secured to the driven member so as to rotatetherewith. This ratchet has, in the preferred form, nine teeth, each ofwhich has two oppositely-disposed faces. I

The pawl member surrounds the spindle and is located inside of the hub3. There are two separate pawls for right and left hand driving. Theseare each divided into two parts. These parts are indicated at 8 9 and 1011, respectively. Each part of each pawl has a portion which projectsthrough a vertical slot in'the hub 3. These projections 12, 13, 14, and15 cause the pawl members to always rotate with the driving part. Theinner surfaces of the pawl members bear against the spindle 5, so thatin the action of the mechanism the spindle tends to always keep thepawls free from wedging.

16 is an operating-ring having at its interior surface a cam 17. Thiscam is adapted to engage the projections 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the pawlmembers and throw them into and out of operative position with thecrownratchet when desired. Each pawl-section is impelled toward theratchet 7 by means of a suitable spring, such as indicated at 18 and 19in Fig. 2. The cam is so constructed that it may be operated to retractsimultaneously the two members 8 and 9 of one pawl or 10 and 11 of theother pawl and hold them retracted. V1 11011 one pair is held re' eted,the other pair is permitted to engage the teeth 01" tiie ratei'iet. Tl eeam may also be adjusted to permit all t e pawls to aet, in wbielieventtire pawl and ratei are interloeked and tliedriven member will rotatewith the driving member in either direetion.

In the 1110(1111311101'1, details 01 wbieli are illustrated on S *(et 2,tire pawl divisions are indicated by reference-1111111erals .1,

iet members l0, and 11, and have, respeetively, 1110 propotions 12, 18,1 1, and 15, wiaeb. pro ert 1 through slots in tire 1111b 3 and areoperated upon by means 01' a suitable eam. Tire two parts 8 9eoi'istituiie, in elleet, one pawl 'l'or driving in one direetion, and10 11 eo11sti- 1111136 t e otiier pawl for driving in an oppositedireetion.

It will be seen that the sections 5 and '11 are wider than tire respeive companion se tions 9 and 10, with 11110 result that in this form oneof the teeth in the crown-ratchet is skipped. T lis arrangement permits01 the unequal location of the teeth on two com panion pawl members andyet gives an easy incline to each pawl-tooti1. l Vbile therefore theteeth may be disposed around the entire pawl member regularly byaltering the pitch of the same, the modified eonstruetion has anadvantage over the form sliown on Sheet 11 in that the teetl 011 tirelzttClHl may all tiie same piteli, and hence be ol' the same s1ze.

It will be observed tbat all the parts e1 1111 pawl members mntuallrs11p :)o1"1v one aooi i wr. sinee their edges 'praeiimlly abut. :eirinner sides they are supported by the spindle. WllllO at ti 111* outersides they are supported by the 11111).

Mat 1. claim is In a rateliet 111eeln1nis1n, a driving part a drivenpart, a spindle carried by one parl and rotatable relative to the other,a rertie: ll slotted iinb earried by tire ()1 1101' part, two dividedpawl 111e111bers substantially lilling 1111 spaee between said spindleand said 1111b. each part of eaeli pawl member Earring a pro jeztionextending tliroiigb said hull-S1018 a ratchet member for cooperationwill: said pawl member, an operating member 1111' (ontrolling said pawlmembers, the teeth on one part of one pawl member being spared lo e11-gage against lire side of tlie l'ilillldlntvll wbile the teeth on tlieeon'ipanion pawl pari are spaeed to bear upon tlie ends ol' 1111*ratelret-teetlr.

HARRIS J. (11011.

itnesses H. S. W ALTER, L. E. (lLEMONS.

